SCARCITY OF WATER AND CONSERVATION

 

 scarcity of water.....

There is scarcity of water in many regions of the world.

Most of Africa, West Asia, South Asia, parts of western

USA, north-west Mexico, parts of South America and

entire Australia are facing shortages in fresh water supply.

Countries located in climatic zones most susceptible to

droughts face great problems of water scarcity. Thus,

water shortage may be a consequence of variation in

seasonal or annual precipitation or the scarcity is caused

by over-exploitation and contamination of water sources.

conservation of water resources .....

Access to clean and adequate water

sources is a major problem facing the

world today. Steps have to be taken to

conserve this dwindling resource. Even

though water is a renewable resource, its

overuse and pollution make it unfit for

use. Discharge of untreated or partially

treated sewage, agricultural chemicals

and industrial effluents in water bodies

are major contaminants. They pollute water

with nitrates, metals and pesticides.  

                                                           River Yamuna is getting polluted due

                                                          to sewage, industrial effluents and garbage

 

                                                                                      

                                       

Most of these chemicals are non-biodegradable and

reach human bodies through water. Water pollution can

be controlled by treating these effluents suitably before

releasing them in water bodies.

                                               a person is washing his buffalo in river 

                                                                                         

Forest and other vegetation cover slow the

surface runoff and replenish underground

water. Water harvesting is another method

to save surface runoff. The canals used

for irrigating field should be properly

lined to minimise losses by water seepage.

Sprinklers effectively irrigate the area by

checking water losses through seepage and

evaporation. In dry regions with high rates

of evaporation, drip or trickle irrigation is

very useful. The valuable water resource

can therefore be conserved by adopting

these means of irrigation.

                                                            rain water conservation

   

                                                                                     

sprinkler irrigation and water conservation